Sinus Headaches vs. Migraines
Headaches can be frustrating, but when they’re intense or recurring, figuring out the cause becomes even more important. Two of the most commonly confused types are sinus headaches and migraines. While they may share some overlapping symptoms—such as facial pain and pressure—they are different conditions that require different treatments. Knowing how to tell them apart can help you get the right care and relief faster.
What Is a Sinus Headache?
A sinus headache occurs when the sinuses—air-filled cavities behind the forehead, nose, and cheeks—become inflamed or blocked. This is often due to a sinus infection (sinusitis), allergies, or nasal polyps. When your sinuses are congested, pressure builds, leading to pain in the face and head.
Common symptoms of a sinus headache include:
- Facial pressure or pain, especially around the forehead, cheeks, and bridge of the nose
- Pain that worsens when bending forward
- Nasal congestion or runny nose
- Fever, if caused by an infection
- Thick, discolored nasal mucus
Sinus headaches often improve when the underlying sinus issue is treated, whether through medication, decongestants, or procedures to improve sinus drainage.
What Is a Migraine?
Migraines are a type of neurological headache that can cause severe, throbbing pain, often on one side of the head. They’re linked to changes in brain activity and blood flow, and they can be triggered by stress, hormonal changes, certain foods, weather shifts, or sensory overload.
Common symptoms of a migraine include:
- Moderate to severe head pain, often throbbing or pulsing
- Sensitivity to light, sound, or smells
- Nausea and vomiting
- Visual disturbances (auras), such as flashing lights or zigzag patterns
- Fatigue before or after the headache
Migraines can last from a few hours to several days and often require specific medications or lifestyle adjustments to manage.
Why They’re Often Confused
Many people mistake migraines for sinus headaches because migraines can also cause nasal congestion, watery eyes, and facial pressure. In fact, studies have shown that the majority of self-diagnosed “sinus headaches” are actually migraines. The key difference is that migraines are primarily neurological, while sinus headaches are caused by sinus inflammation or infection.
How to Tell the Difference
Here are a few clues to help distinguish between the two:
- Location of Pain: Sinus headaches are typically centered in the face, while migraines often affect one side of the head, though they can spread.
- Associated Symptoms: Migraines are more likely to cause nausea, light sensitivity, and visual disturbances, while sinus headaches are linked to nasal congestion and fever.
- Response to Treatment: Sinus headaches often improve with decongestants or antibiotics (if bacterial), while migraines respond better to migraine-specific medications or rest in a dark, quiet room.
When to See a Specialist
If you experience frequent headaches that interfere with daily life, it’s best to see a doctor—especially if symptoms don’t improve with over-the-counter remedies. At Baltimore Sinus Specialists, we can determine if sinus issues are contributing to your headaches or if you’re dealing with a different condition like migraines.
Accurate diagnosis is essential, as treating a migraine like a sinus infection—or vice versa—can delay relief and allow symptoms to worsen.
The Bottom Line
While sinus headaches and migraines can feel similar, understanding the differences can help you find the right treatment. If you suspect sinus issues are behind your headaches, our team at Baltimore Sinus Specialists can provide a thorough evaluation and treatment plan tailored to your needs.
Clearer sinuses and fewer headaches may be just a consultation away—schedule your visit today to start feeling better.
